Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Microondas: Aplicación de Antenas Impresas UHF Para Sistema de Localización
Mots-clés :
Antenas y microondas, dirección de llegada, educación en la ingeniería, RFID, enseñanza en postgradosSynopsis
En el paradigma del Internet de las Cosas (IoT), la localización de dispositivos móviles usando redes de comunicaciones inalámbricas, es una de las tecnologías habilitadoras claves para el desarrollo de nuevas aplicaciones con una mayor eficiencia energética y por lo tanto tecnologías más verdes y sostenibles.
Dentro del contexto del posicionamiento en interiores, en los últimos años se vienen desarrollando diferentes sistemas de antenas para localizar el ángulo de llegada de señales radioeléctricas realizando saltos de canal de frecuencia y comparando los niveles de RSSI recibidos en los diferentes canales. Entre las distintas tecnologías de antenas disponibles, las antenas de ondas de fuga (Leaky-Wave Antenna, LWA), presentan unas propiedades interesantes por su sencilla alimentación, estructura compacta y capacidad de generar haces directivos escaneados en frecuencia. Estos sistemas se muestran muy eficientes cuando se han aplicado en redes inalámbricas de sensores de tipo Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4), redes de área local de tipo Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), sensores pasivos RFID y sensores activos LoRa en la banda de UHF, y también con radiobalizas o beacons BLE.
Además de las antenas LWA, se vienen desarrollando sistemas de antenas para localización en redes WiFi usando agrupaciones de antenas comerciales directivas, ya sea de forma distribuida, o en configuración compacta monopulso. Las LWAs permiten realizar diseños más compactos y con mejores prestaciones que las agrupaciones de antenas.
Por otra parte, el aprendizaje basado en proyectos es una metodología que permite a los estudiantes adquirir los conocimientos y competencias claves en el siglo XXI mediante la elaboración de proyectos que dan respuesta a problemas de la vida real. Se trata de una metodología activa, en la que los estudiantes son los protagonistas de su aprendizaje: investigan, crean, aprenden, aplican lo aprendido en una situación real, comparten su experiencia con otras personas y analizan los resultados.
Este libro pretende servir como una base para prácticas de laboratorio de una asignatura dentro de la rama de la Ingeniería de Microondas presente en las titulaciones de Grado de Ingeniería de Sistemas de Telecomunicación, Tecnologías de Telecomunicación, Ingeniería Electrónica o equivalentes. Se trata de una asignatura eminentemente práctica que contempla la generación de subsistemas y sistemas completos basados en microondas. Por lo que se cree necesario 30 horas de sesiones formativas para desarrollar el conocimiento práctico aplicado.
Se proponen 5 prácticas de laboratorio donde en cada una de ellas se le introduce al estudiante el problema a desarrollar en cuestión y se le hacen preguntas que tendrá que responder sobre la base de los resultados obtenidos y/o explicaciones contenidas dentro de las mismas prácticas.
Gracias a esto y mediante un enfoque de docencia orientada a proyectos, los alumnos serán capaces de realizar sus propios diseños de antenas de microondas. Posteriormente, los podrán construir mediante técnicas de fabricación manuales y realizar medidas experimentales que permitan la caracterización de las antenas fabricadas. Con todo, los estudiantes implementarán un sistema de detección similar al radar utilizando las antenas fabricadas.
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Published
janvier 16, 2024
Séries
(c) Tous droits réservés Los autores conservan los derechos de autoría y otorgan a la editorial Universidad de Málaga derechos de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y transformación -este último sólo para el caso de que fuera necesaria alguna adaptación para su publicación- en régimen de no exclusividad, que se difundirá con la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite compartir la obra con terceros, siempre que estos reconozcan su autoría. 2024
Licence
Cette œuvre est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International.
Details about the available publication format: PDF
PDF
ISBN-13 (15)
978-84-1335-323-4
