The Psychotic Programme. Prevention of Problematic Use of Technology and Cyberbullying in Adolescents: Guide for professionals working with adolescents
Keywords:
Guia, padres, adolescentes, TIC, ciberacosoSynopsis
The main objective of this work is to address the challenges posed by the increasing use of technology and the associated risks, such as cyberbullying, by assessing their impact on adolescents’ psychological adjustment, social functioning, and academic performance. The guide provides a step-by-step approach to implementing an intervention program with adolescents, aimed at tackling problematic technology use and cyberbullying, while also enhancing awareness and understanding of these phenomena and their impact during adolescence.
The psychoeducational program PsicoTIC is structured into six one-hour sessions delivered on a weekly basis. Throughout these sessions, adolescents will (depending on their level of engagement and the conditions under which the program is implemented) acquire knowledge about problematic technology use and cyberbullying, along with the key characteristics that define them.
Downloads
References
Alonso, C. y Romero, E. (2021). Uso problemático de internet en adolescentes: factores personales de riesgo y consecuencias emocionales y conductuales. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 12(2), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.23923/j.rips.2021.01.046
Álvarez-García, D., Núñez, J. C., García, T. y Barreiro-Collazo, A. (2018). Individual, family, and community predictors of cyber-aggression among adolescents. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 10, 79-88. https://doi.org/10.5093/ejpalc2018a8
Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E. y Pallesen, S. (2016). Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). [Database record]. APA PsycTests.
https://doi.org/10.1037/t74607-000
Arrivillaga, C., Griffiths, M.D., Rey, L. y Extremera, N. (2024). Validation of the Spanish version of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) among Spanish adolescents. Current Psychology, 43, 31582-31591.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06728-5
Barlett, C. P., Kowalski, R. M. y Wilson, A. M. (2024). Meta-analyses of the predictors and outcomes of cyberbullying perpetration and victimization while controlling for traditional bullying perpetration and victimization. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 74, 101886.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2023.101886
Berne, S., Frisén, A. y Kling, J. (2014). Appearance-related cyberbullying: A qualitative investigation of characteristics, content, reasons, and effects. Body Image, 11(4), 527-533.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.08.006
Billieux, J. (2012). Problematic use of the mobile phone: A literature review and a pathways model. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 8(4), 299-307.
https://doi.org/10.2174/157340012803520522
Billieux, J., Maurage, P., López-Fernández, O., Kuss, D. J. y Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Can disordered mobile phone use be considered a behavioral addiction? An update on current evidence and a comprehensive model for future research. Current Addiction Reports, 2(2), 156-162.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-015-0054-y
Bowler, L., Knobel, C. y Mattern, E. (2015). From cyberbullying to well-being: A narrative-based participatory approach to values-oriented design for social media. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66(6), 1274-1293.
https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.23270
Brandau, M. y Evanson, T. A. (2018). Adolescent victims emerging from cyberbullying. Qualitative Health Research, 28(10), 1584-159.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732318773325
Brand, M., Wegmann, E., Stark, R., Müller, A., Wölfling, K., Robbins, T. W. y Potenza, M. N. (2019). The interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model for addictive behaviors: Update, generalization to addictive behaviors beyond internet-use disorders, and specification of the process character of addictive behaviors. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 104, 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.06.032
Chang, J.P. y Hung, C.C. (2017). Uso problemático de internet. En Rey, J.M. (ed.)., Manual de Salud Mental Infantil y Adolescente (pp. 1-13). Asociación Internacional de Psiquiatría y Profesiones Aliadas de Niños y Adolescentes (IACAPAP).
Charlton, J. P. y Danforth, I. D. (2007). Distinguishing addiction and high engagement in the context of online game playing. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(3), 1531-1548.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2005.07.002
Chen, Q., Lo, C. K., Zhu, Y., Cheung, A., Chan, K. L. y Ip, P. (2018). Family poly-victimization and cyberbullying among adolescents in a Chinese school sample. Child Abuse & Neglect, 77, 180-187.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.01.015
Cortejoso Mozo, D. A. (2025). ¿ Buen uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) por menores de edad?. Boletín de Pediatría, 65(271), 25-27.
https://doi.org/10.63788/cck3mb93
Davis, R. A. (2001). A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 17(2), 187-195.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0747-5632(00)00041-8
de la Villa, M. y Suárez, C. (2016). Factores de riesgo en el uso problemático de Internet y del teléfono móvil en adolescentes españoles. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología y Salud, 7(2), 69-78. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.rips.2016.03.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rips.2016.03.001
Del Rey, R., Casas, J.A., Ortega-Ruiz, R., Schultze-Krumbholz, A., Scheithauer, H., Smith, P., Thompson, F., Barkoukis, V., Tsorbatzoudis, H., Brighi, A., Guarini, A., Pyżalski, J. y Plichta, P. (2015). Structural validation and cross-cultural robustness of the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 141-147.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.065
Díaz, A., Maquilón, J.J. Mirete, A.B. y Rubio, F. J. (2025). Perfiles de uso de las TIC en adolescentes: diferencias y similitudes en cuanto al rendimiento académico, el estrés y la mediación parental. Revista de Investigación Educativa, 43.
https://doi.org/10.6018/rie.614811
Dong, G., Li, H., Wang, L. y Potenza, M. N. (2017). Cognitive control and reward/loss processing in Internet gaming disorder: Results from a comparison with recreational Internet game-users. European Psychiatry, 44, 30-38.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.03.004
Dong, G., y Potenza, M. N. (2016). Risk-taking and risky decision-making in Internet gaming disorder: Implications regarding online gaming in the setting of negative consequences. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 73, 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.11.011
Fernández-Villa, T., Molina, A.J., García-Martín, M., Llorca, J., Delgado-Rodríguez, M. y Martín, V. (2015). Validation and psychometric analysis of the Internet Addiction Test in Spanish among college students. BMC Public Health, 15, 953.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2281-5
Garaigordobil, M. y Martínez-Valderrey, V. (2016). Impact of Cyberprogram 2.0 on different types of school violence and aggressiveness. Frontiers in Psychology, 7, 428.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00428
Golpe, S., Gómez, P., Braña, T., Varela, J. y Rial, A. (2017). Relación entre el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas y el uso problemático de Internet en adolescentes. Adicciones, 29(4), 268-277.
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.959
Griffiths, M. (2005). A "components" model of addiction within a biopsychosocial framework. Journal of Substance Use, 10(4), 191-197.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14659890500114359
Griffiths, M. (2019). The evolution of the 'components model of addiction' and the need for a confirmatory approach in conceptualizing behavioral addictions. The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 32(3), 179-184.
https://doi.org/10.14744/DAJPNS.2019.00027
Hutson, E. (2016). Cyberbullying in adolescence: A concept analysis. Advances in Nursing Science, 39(1), 60-70.
https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0000000000000104
Kokka, I., Mourikis, I., Nicolaideas, N., Darviri, G., Kanaka-Gantenbein, C. y Bacopoulou (2021). Exploring the Effects of Problematic Internet Use on Adolescent Sleep: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 760.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020760
Kuss, D. J. y Griffiths, M. D. (2017). Social networking sites and addiction: Ten lessons learned. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14(3), 311.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14030311
Ligero, A., Moreno, C. y Martinez, J. (2024). Salud digital y alfabetización mediática en el ámbito educativo. Revista de Investigación y Educación en Ciencias de la Salud, 9(1), 1-19,
https://doi.org/10.37536/RIECS.2024.9.1.409
Mamun, M. A. y Griffiths, M. D. (2019). The association between Facebook addiction and depression: A pilot survey study among Bangladeshi students. Psychiatry Research, 271, 628-633.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.039
Marino, C., Finos, L., Vieno, A., Lenzi, M. y Spada, M. M. (2017). Objective Facebook behaviour: Differences between problematic and non-problematic users. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 541-546.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.015
Moreno-Ruiz, D., Martínez-Ferrer, B. y García-Bacete, F. (2019). Parenting styles, cyberaggression, and cybervictimization among adolescents. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 252-259.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.031
Montag, C., Lachmann, B., Herrlich, M. y Zweig, K. (2019). Addictive features of social media/messenger platforms and freemium games against the background of psychological and economic theories. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(14), 2612.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16142612
Moretti, C. y Herkovits, D. (2021). Victims, perpetrators, and bystanders: A meta-ethnography of roles in cyberbullying. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 37(4), e00097120.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00097120
Observatorio Español de las Drogas y las Adicciones (2024). Informe sobre adicciones comportamentales y otros trastornos adictivos. Ministerio de Sanidad. Delegación del Gobierno para el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas.
Observatorio Nacional de Tecnología y Sociedad (2024). El uso de las tecnologías por los menores en España.
Edición 2024 - Datos 2023 (Informe Brújula). Secretaría de Estado de Digitalización e Inteligencia Artificial. Ministerio para la Transformación Digital y de la Función Pública.
Ortega-Ruiz, R., del Rey, R. y Casas, J.A. (2016). Evaluar el bullying y el cyberbullying validación española del EBIP-Q y del ECIP-Q. Psicología Educativa, 22(1), 71-79.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2016.01.004
Pastor, Y., García-Jiménez, A. y López-de-Ayala, M. C. (2022). Regulatory strategies for smartphone use and problematic Internet use in adolescence. Anales de Psicología, 38(2), 269-277.
https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.461771
Puerta-Cortés, D. X. y Carbonell, X. (2014). El modelo de los cinco grandes factores de personalidad y el uso problemático de Internet en jóvenes colombianos. Adicciones, 26 (1).
https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.131
Puerta-Cortés, D.X., Carbonell, X. y Chamarro, A. (2012). Análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español del Internet Addiction Test. Trastornos Adictivos, 14(4), 99-104.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0973(12)70052-1
Pino, M.J., Herruzo, J., Raya, A., Ruiz-Olivares, R. y Herruzo, C. (2022). Development of IAT-12, a reduced Spanish version of the internet addiction test. Current Psychology, 41, 8471-8480.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01167-4
Quintana-Orts, C., Mérida-López, S., Gómez-Hombrados, J. y Rey, L. (2025). Emotional Intelligence, Family, and School Factors Associated with Cyberbullying Roles in Adolescence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 1-21.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2025.2523862
Quintana-Orts, C., Mc Guckin, C., Del Rey, R. y Mora-Merchán, J. A. (2022). Overcoming bullying in education.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003180029-10
En A. Holliman y K. Sheehy (Eds.), Overcoming Adversity in Education (pp. 102-113). Routledge.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003180029
Raposo-Rivas, M., Dapía-Conde, M. D. y Rodríguez-Rivera, P. (2023). Pluralidad terminológica, evaluativa y de intervención en la adicción a internet en la adolescencia: Una revisión sistemática. Revista Electrónica Educare, 27(3), 411-431.
https://doi.org/10.15359/ree.27-3.17264
Romera, E.M., Camacho, A., Ortega-Ruiz, R. y Falla, D. (2021). Cibercotilleo, ciberagresión, uso problemático de Internet y comunicación con la familia. Comunicar: Revista Científica de Comunicación y Educación, 29(67), 61-71.
https://doi.org/10.3916/C67-2021-05
Rose, S. y Dhandayudham, A. (2014). Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(2), 83-89.
https://doi.org/10.1556/JBA.3.2014.003
Snakenborg, J., Van Acker, R. y Gable, R. A. (2011). Cyberbullying: Prevention and intervention to protect our children and youth. Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth, 55(2), 88-95.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2011.539454
Wang, X., Yang, L., Yang, J., Wang, P. y Lei, L. (2017). Trait anger and cyberbullying among young adults: A moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and moral identity. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 519-526.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.073
Wegmann, E., Billieux, J. y Brand, M. (2022). Internet-use disorders: A theoretical framework for their conceptualization and diagnosis. En D. J. Stein, N. A. Fineberg y S. R. Chamberlain (Eds.), Mental health in a digital world (pp. 285-305). Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822201-0.00022-8
Young, K. S. (1998). Internet Addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 1, 237-244.
Downloads
Published
Series
Categories
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

